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PRELIMINARY NUMERICAL ANALYSIS FOR THE ROLE OF SPEED ONTO LASER TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESSES

2019, Lazov, Lyubomir, Nikolay Angelov, Teirumnieks, Edmunds, Teirumnieka, Ērika

Studying the impact of speed on a number of laser processes such as marking, engraving, cutting, welding and others is crucial for the optimization of these technological processes. The processing speed, along with the frequency of laser pulses and their duration, also determines the time of action in the processing area and hence the absorbed quantity of electromagnetic energy. Based on numerical experiments with specialized software TEMPERATURFELD3D, the report analyzes the temperature variation in the processing area as a function of speed. The researches were analyzed for processing with two types of lasers emitting in the visible and infrared areas of the electromagnetic spectrum and two types of steels (tool and structural). From the course of the obtained temperature fields the dependence of temperature on the speed at two power densities was obtained. The obtained results help to make a preliminary assessment the speed work intervals for the processes as laser marking, laser engraving, laser cutting, laser welding and others. In this way, it is assisted in building an optimal concept for the passing of a particular technological process in function of the laser source, the material and the type of the technological operation.

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LABORATORY EXERCISE TO DETERMINE CONTRAST IN LASER MARKING OF ARTICLES

2019, Lazov, Lyubomir, Teirumnieks, Edmunds, Teirumnieka, Ērika, Pavel Cacivkin, Nikolay Angelov, Tsanko Karadzhov

The laser marking has been established in recent years as one of the modern innovative methods for marking many industrial products. The report examines a new laboratory exercise for the subject Laser Technology, studied in some technical universities. A new approach is proposed to determine the contrast of the laser marking process. Described is the purpose and the main tasks as well as the new skills and knowledge that students can exercise through this laboratory exercise. Students implement a test matrix consisting of squares of a certain size using the raster marking method. Through the new laboratory exercise, students can explore and analyze the dependencies of the contrast of laser markings on different dimensions influencing the technological process. The capabilities of the new approach allow learners to become more familiar with the factors that influence the modern process of laser marking widely used in modern industry. The results of the experiments the students summarize using a new modern digital approach to analyze the contrast against the background of the marked surface. From the experimental graphical dependencies of the variation of the power and speed contrast, they draw conclusions about the optimal process parameters.

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METHODOLOGY FOR AUTOMATIC DETERMINATION OF CONTRAST OF LASER MARKING FOR DIFFERENT MATERIALS

2019, Lazov, Lyubomir, Teirumnieks, Edmunds, Nikolay Angelov, Teirumnieka, Ērika

A new methodology for determining and optimizing the contrast of the technological laser marking process has been developed. It can evaluate the quality of the markings regardless of the type of material and the type of laser system. To perform the test analysis, a specialized test field is programmed, which including the change of two of the main parameters influencing the marking process: the linear energy density (LED) and the linear density of the pulses (LDI). Marking of a test field consisting of squares of a certain size is done by means of a raster marking method with a constant step between the lines. The results are processed with a digital camera and specialized software. The maximum blackening is compared with the background of all fields and is juxtaposed with the effective energy needed to obtain a certain contrast. Several consecutive iterations are made, with each of the following experiments excluding the variants with least contrast. Thus, the study consistently brings the result to a minimum working area of the basic technological parameters, providing the user's desired contrast of the marking. The developed author's method of automatically determining the contrast of the laser marking reduces the time for preliminary experimental research and gives a reliable and subjectively absent way of qualitatively marking different types of industrial products.